18-Title: Effect of zinc supplementation on thyroid and testosterone hormone in growing kids

Authors: Jonali Devi, J Goswami, BC Sarmah and K Sarma

Source: Ruminant Science (2014)-3(2):217-220

How to cite this manuscript: Devi Jonali, Goswami J, Sarmah BC and Sarma K (2014). Effect of zinc supplementation on thyroid and testosterone hormone in growing kids. Ruminant Science 3(2):217-220.

Abstract

Effects of organic and inorganic form of zinc supplementation in testosterone and thyroid hormonal profile were studied in growing Assam local kids. Thirty six healthy Assam local male goats of around three months of age and body weights ranging from 3 to 4 kg were selected. The kids were divided into three groups according to the feeding regime as group I (Control group, n=12 numbers) in which animals received concentrate ration without zinc supplementation, while group II (n=12 numbers) and III (n=12 numbers) animals received inorganic (Zinc sulphate@120mg/kid/day) and organic form (zinc propionate @40mg/kid/day) of zinc supplements, respectively with concentrate mixture. Serum triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) concentrations of both the zinc-supplemented groups increased with the advancement of age, while these values of control group decreased with age advanced. As a result of this trend the values of T3 and T4 recorded at the end of experiment (7 months of age) in control (0.83±0.01-T3 and 27.61±0.08 ng/ml-T4) were lowest, while, the inorganic (1.47±0.01 and 53.50±0.23 ng/ml) and organic (1.48±0.02 and 54.68±0.41 ng/ml) zinc-supplemented groups had highest values for these hormones at that stage. Concentration of T3 was significantly higher at 4.5 months stage and T4 at 5.5 months stage and onward in organic zinc-supplemented group than in inorganic supplemented one. Serum testosterone increased in all the groups with advancement of age. But the increase in concentrationwas significantly higher at 4 months and onward stages in organic supplemented group and from 5.5 months onward stages in inorganic supplemented group as compared to control group. Highest testosterone concentrations were (Mean±SE) observed in all the groups at 7 months of age were 0.84±0.02, 1.13±0.01 and 1.14±0.01 ng/ml in control, inorganic and organic zinc-fed groups, respectively. This shows that oral zinc supplementation in organic form induces a better testosterone hormonal surge in Assam goats.

References

Bedwal RS and Bahuguna A (1994). Zinc, copper and selenium in reproduction. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 50:626-40.

Boland MP, O’Donnell G and O’Callaghan D (1996). The contribution of mineral proteinates to production and reproduction in dairy cattle. In: Biotechnology in the feed industry. Proc. of Alltech’s Twelfth Annual Symposium, 95-103.

Devi J, Goswami J, Sarma BC and Sarma Kamal (2013). Effect of zinc supplement on histology of epididymis in Assam local goat (Capra hircus). Ruminant Science 2(2):171-173.

Favier AE (1992). The role of zinc in reproduction: Hormonal mechanism. Biological Trace Element Research 32:363-82.

Fuse H, Kazama T, Ohta S and Fujiuchi Y (1999). Relationship between zinc concentrations in seminal plasma and various sperm parameters. International Urology and Nephrology 31:401-408.

Gupta RP and Verma PC (1997). Effcet of experimental zinc deficiency on thyroid gland in guinea-pigs. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 41:376-81.

Gupta RP, Verma  PC, Sadana JR and Gupta RK (1988). Studies on the pathology of experimental zinc deficiency in guinea-pigs. Journal of Comparative Pathology 98:405-13.

Hahn JD and Baker DH (1993). Growth and plasma zinc responses in young pigs fed pharmacological levels of zinc. Journal of Animal Science 71:3020-24.

Hidiroglou M and Knipfel JE (1984). Zinc in mammalian sperm: A review. Journal of Dairy Science 35:1175-85.

Khan SA,  Bedi SPS, Sawhney PC and Ranjan  SK (1979). Zinc status of soil, plant and animals in Tarai area (U.P.). Indian Journal of Animal Science 49:612-17.

Kumar N, Verma RP, Singh LP, Varshney VP and Dass RS (2006). Effect of different levels and sources of zinc supplementation on quantitative and qualitative semen attributes and serum testosterone level in crossbred cattle (Bos indicus X Bos taurus) bulls. Reproduction Nutrition Development 46:663-675.

Martin GB and White CL (1992). Effect of dietary zinc deficiency on gonadotrophin secretion and testicular growth in young male sheep. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility 96:497-507.

McDowell LR and Conrad JH (1993). Minerals for Grazing Ruminants in Tropical Regions. 2nd Edn, Animal Science Department, University of Florida.

Mehta U, Mehta SN, Georgie GC, Mehta S, Dixit VP and Verma PC (1989). Effect of dietary zinc and copper on peripheral blood plasma cholesterol, testosterone and histomorphology of testes in rats. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 27:469-471.

Morley JE, Gordon J and Hershman JM (1980). Zinc deficiency chronic starvation and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid function. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 33:1767-1770.

Nishiyama S, Futagoishi-Suginohara Y, Matsukura M, Nakamura T, Higashi A, Shinohara M and Matsuda I (1994). Zinc supplementation alters thyroid hormone metabolism in disabled patients with zinc deficiency. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 13:62-67.

Rojas LX, McDowell LR, Martin FG, Wilkinson NS, Johnson AB and Njeru CA (1996). Relative bioavailability of zinc methionine and two inorganic zinc sources fed to cattle. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology 10:205-209.

Snedecor GW and Cochran WG (1994). Statistical Methods. East-West Press Edn, Affiliated East-West Private Ltd, New Delhi.

Underwood EJ and Somers M (1977). Zinc: Trace elements in human and animal nutrition. New York, Academic Press, 196-242.