5-Title: Clinico-diagnostic and therapeutic investigations on pneumonia in cattle

Authors: CS Jaibhaye, AU Bhikane, PS Masare and AV Bhonsle

Source: Ruminant Science (2020)-9(1):25-32.

 

How to cite this manuscript: Jaibhaye CS, Bhikane AU, Masare PS and Bhonsle AV (2020). Clinico-diagnostic and therapeutic investigations on pneumonia in cattle. Ruminant Science 9(1):25-32.

Abstract

Pneumonia is a multi-factorial respiratory disorder commonly found in cattle and is causing heavy economic losses to farmers due to increased calf mortality, costs of medication, production losses and decreased draft ability in bullocks. Hence the present study was undertaken to investigate epidemiological, clinico-diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of pneumonia in cattle. On screening 1211 cattle reported to TVCC, COVAS, Udgir for different ailments, 46 animals were found positive for pneumonia, suggestive of overall prevalence of 3.80%. The higher prevalence of pneumonia was observed in young male cattle put to heavy work and exposed to climatic stress during monsoon. The typical signs of pneumonia included fever, nasal discharge, dyspnoea, coughing, chest pain and abnormal lung sounds. Haemogram showed significant leucocytosis accompanied by neutrophilia with non- significant changes in other blood parameters. On radiographic examination of thorax, a variable degree of congestion and diffuse consolidation of lungs was noticed. The faecal examination revealed negative for lungworm larvae infestation. The bacteria isolated from nasal swab were identified as Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp., E. coli, Corynebacterium sp., Klebsiella sp., Mannheimia haemolytica, Brevundimonas sp., Pseudomonas sp.. The results of antibiotic sensitivity test of isolated organisms revealed highest sensitivity to gentamicin (87.50%), followed by ceftriaxone plus tazobactam and enrofloxacin (58.33% each), amoxicillin plus sulbactam (54.16%), ceftiofur sodium (50.00%), chloramphenicol (45.83%), ciprofloxacin (41.66%), moxifloxacin (33.33%), oxytetracycline (16.66%) and complete resistance to penicillin. Thirty six pneumonia affected cattle were randomly divided into four treatment groups viz., Group A (gentamicin @ 4 mg/ kg), Group B (enrofloxacin @ 5 mg/ kg),   Group C (moxifloxacin @ 5 mg/ kg ) and Group D (ceftiofur @ 1.6 mg/ kg). All 36 treated cattle clinically cured within 3 to 15 days, indicating 100 per cent recovery rate. The evaluation of comparative efficacy revealed that gentamicin is superior to other drugs in the treatment of pneumonia in cattle.

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