1-Title: Role of complement genes in mastitis resistance in cattle
Authors: P Pavithra, G Radhika, M Shynu, R Ambily and KA Bindu
Source: Ruminant Science (2025)-14(1):1-8.

Abstract

How to cite this manuscript: Pavithra P, Radhika G, Shynu M, Ambily R and Bindu KA (2025). Role of complement genes in mastitis resistance in cattle. Ruminant Science 14(1):1-8.
Abstract
Mastitis has been a significant research focus as it is a major economic burden in the dairy sector due to the high incidence of clinical cases and the prevalence of subclinical mastitis. Mastitis resistance is a trait which is polygenic in nature, making it difficult for breeders to select animals which are resistant to mastitis. The complement system is a critical part of the innate immune system, acting as a first line of defence against infections, and consists of a series of proteins that work together to recognize and eliminate pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and other foreign invaders. Several complement genes play important roles in enhancing the immune response to infection, particularly in the mammary gland. These genes influence the activation of the complement pathways, which helps to clear pathogens that commonly cause mastitis. These complement genes contribute to the innate immune defence against mastitis pathogens, enhancing both early recognition and the effectiveness of the immune response. Genetic variation in these genes can affect an animal’s susceptibility or resistance to mastitis. The present article is an attempt to review the selection of animals for mastitis resistance, their genetic basis, role of some important complement genes like Mannose binding lectin 1& 2, Mannose binding lectin associated serine protease 1, Complement 3, 4 and 5 in mastitis resistance in dairy cattle.
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