17-Title: Retrospective study of prevalence of diseases and disorders among cattle at government livestock healthcare centers in Kashmir
Authors: Sanober Rasool, SA Hamdani, Burhan Nabi, Abdul Hai and AH Akand
Source: Ruminant Science (2025)-14(1):93-100.

Abstract

17. How to cite this manuscript: Rasool Sanober, Hamdani SA, Nabi Burhan, Hai Abdul and Akand AH (2025). Retrospective study of prevalence of diseases and disorders among cattle at government livestock healthcare centers in Kashmir. Ruminant Science 14(1):93-100.
Abstract
Diseases exert a substantial negative impact on livestock production systems, resulting in decreased productivity (including production losses, treatment costs, and market disruptions), income loss from animal-based activities (such as energy, transportation, and tourism), increased prevention or control costs (including production and public expenditures), and suboptimal utilization of production potential. This study was conducted in three districts of the Kashmir Valley: Shopian, Ganderbal, and Baramulla. According to the Department of Animal Husbandry, Kashmir, the Chief Animal Husbandry Officer holds the highest district-level position, followed by Livestock Development Officers, Superintendents, Officers-in-Charge of Animal Breeding Stations, and Disease Investigation Officers. At the block and field levels, Block Veterinary Officers and Veterinary Assistant Surgeons provide services. Disease records from various government livestock healthcare centers were collected, tabulated, and analyzed using statistical tools. General infectious diseases accounted for the majority of cases (47.28%) and had the highest prevalence (3.82%), followed by gastrointestinal disorders (17.67%) with a prevalence of 1.43%. The overall prevalence of diseases and disorders at these centers was 8.09%. The findings indicate that adults (65.17%) aged three to six years were most frequently affected, followed by the young age group (up to three years, 25.06%). General infectious diseases were more prevalent in adults aged three to six years (2.37%). The highest overall prevalence was observed in the adult group (three to six years, 5.27%), followed by the young group (less than three years, 2.00%) and the old group (greater than six years, 0.71%).
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