20-Title: Detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenemase resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in bovine milk

Authors: Sangita Choudhary, Bincy Joseph, Sandeep Kumar Sharma, Surendra Singh Shekhawat and Nazeer Mohammed

Source: Ruminant Science (2022)-11(1):93-100.

How to cite this manuscript: Choudhary Sangita, Joseph Bincy, Sharma Sandeep Kumar, Shekhawat Surendra Singh and Mohammed Nazeer (2022). Detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenemase resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in bovine milk. Ruminant Science 11(1):93-100.

Abstract

The present study aimed at the screening of ESBL resistance in the Klebsiella pneumoniae organism isolated from bovine milk. A total of 109 milk samples were collected randomly from the urban and peri-urban areas of two major cities of Rajasthan, Jodhpur and Jaipur. The study included milk samples from healthy as well as from animals with clinical mastitis. From all the samples 41 isolates of Klebsiella pnuemoniae were obtained which were characterized morphologically, biochemically and using molecular methods. All 41 isolates were subjected to an antibiotic sensitivity test and phenotypic and genotypic ESBL resistance test. Most of the isolates were resistant to more than 6 antibiotics used. The isolate number RJOBK98 and RJOCK10 were resistant to 21 antibiotic used and ten isolates (RJABK12, RJABK16, RJABK21, RJACK22, RJACK53, RJOCK66, RJOBK67, RJABK75, RJOCK94, RJABK107) were resistant to 20 antibiotics used. All the isolates (41) showed (100%) resistance to Penicillin- G (P10), Ceftazidine / Clavulanate (CAC30/10), Vancomycin (VA30). Out of the 41 isolates, 40 (97.56%) were resistant to Cefazolin (CZ30) and Cefotaxime (CTX30). Here 100% of isolates showed a MAR index of more than 0.2% which indicates that all the isolates had a high potential of developing multiple antibiotic resistance and the ability to transfer the resistance to others. 35 isolates were positive for phenotypic ESBL production by double disc diffusion test irrespective of the city, species, or the clinical condition of the animal. Among the three ESBL genes (blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX-M) screened blaTEM was present in all the 35 ESBL positive isolates. Two isolates harboured more than 1 ESBL resistant gene (blaSHV or blaCTX-M) in addition to blaTEM. The isolate RJABK 21 carried the blaSHV gene and RJOCK94 carries the blaCTX-M gene in addition to the blaTEM gene.  None of the isolates carried all three genes. The isolate number RJABK 21 from Jaipur carried the gene for carbapenem resistance blaKPC and blaNDM. The presence of an emerging carbapenemase resistance gene blaNDM and blaKPC in milk samples is challenging to public health as there is an increased possibility of transmission to human beings through the food chain.

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