37-Title: Ameliorative effect of Withania somnifera on oxidative stress of crossbred cows suffered with subclinical mastitis
Authors: JP Kachhawa, AP Singh, SR Gupta, ML Sain, Rajendra Yadav, TC Nayak and Sunita Choudhary
Source: Ruminant Science (2022)-11(2):441-444.
How to cite this manuscript: Kachhawa JP, Singh AP, Gupta SR, Sain ML, Yadav Rajendra, Nayak TC and Choudhary Sunita (2022). Ameliorative effect of Withania somnifera on oxidative stress of crossbred cows suffered with subclinical mastitis. Ruminant Science 11(2):441-444.
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the effect of Withania somnifera (WS) on oxidative stress in subclinical mastitis in crossbred cows. For this milk samples from apparently healthy Holstein Friesian crossbred cows were collected and examined for subclinical mastitis (SCM) by the CMT, EC, pH, SCC and cultural examination. The effect of WS on oxidative stress-related biochemical parameters including malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione and catalase were evaluated. The eight cows affected with SCM were administered oral alcoholic extract of WS @ 125 mg/kg body weight and intramammary 500 mg WS extract dissolved in 5 ml NSS twice daily for 7 days. The results of this study showed that mean values of CMT point score, SCC, pH, EC and oxidative stress-related biomolecules were improved significantly after the treatment in comparison to pre-treatment values which indicated that the WS alcoholic extract possesses antioxidative property. It was concluded that the herbal extract of WS possesses antioxidative and therapeutic impact to treat SCM.
References
Alam N, Hossain M, Mottalib MA, Sulaiman SA, Gan SH and Khalil MI (2012). Methanolic extracts of W. somnifera leaves, fruits and roots possess antioxidant properties and antibacterial activities. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 12:175.
Alnakip ME, Quintela-Baluja M and Bohme K (2014). The immunology of the mammary gland of dairy ruminants between healthy and inflammatory conditions. Journal of Veterinary Medicine 1:31.
Atakisi O, Oral H, Atakisi E, Merhan O, Metin PS, Ozcan A, Marasli S, Polat B, Colak A and Kaya S (2010). Subclinical mastitis causes alterations in nitric oxide, total oxidant and antioxidant capacity in cow milk. Research in Veterinary Science 89(1):10-13.
Beutler E (1971). Red cell metabolism. In: Manual of Biochemical Methods. 2nd Edn, New York. p 146.
Bhatnagar M, Sisodia SS and Bhatnagar R (2005). Antiulcer and antioxidant activity of Asparagus racemosa willd and W. somnifera dunal in rats. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1056:261-278.
Bortolami A, Fiore E, Gianesella M, Corro M, Catania S and Morgante M (2015). Evaluation of the udder health status in subclinical mastitis-affected dairy cows through bacteriological culture, somatic cell count and thermographic imaging. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 18(4):799-805.
Cowan ST and Steel KJ (1993). Cowan and Steel’s Manual for Identification of Medical Bacteria. 3rd Edn, Cambridge University Press.
Cowan MM (1999). Plant products as antimicrobial agents. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. American Society for Microbiology 12(4):564-82.
El-Boushy ME, Abdalla OM, Angy F and Risha A (2009). Studies on antibacterial activity of Withania somnifera extract in Guinea pigs experimentally infected with E. coli. Mansoura Veterinary Medical Journal 11(2):71-85.
Fox PF and Kelly AL (2006). Indigenous enzymes in milk: Overview and historical aspects-Part 2. International Dairy Journal 16:517-532.
Galfi A, Radinovic M, Milanov D, Bobos S, Pajic M, Savic S and Davidov I (2015). Electrical conductivity of milk and bacteriological findings in cows with subclinical mastitis. Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry 31(4):533-541.
Goldblith SA and Proctor BE (1950). Photometric determination of catalase activity. Journal of Biological Chemistry 6:705-9.
Hamann J (2002). Milk quality and udder health in relation to modern milking. In: Recent developments and perspectives in bovine medicine. Proceedings of the XXII World Buiatrics Congress, Hannover; Germany, pp 334-345.
Jeykumar M, Vinodkumar G, Bashir BP and Krovvidi S (2013). Antibiogram of mastitis pathogens in the milk of crossbred cows in Namakkal, Tamil Nadu. Veterinary World 6(6):354-356.
Kandeel SA, Morin DE, Calloway CD and Constable PD (2018). Association of California mastitis test scores with intramammary infection status in lactating dairy cows admitted to a Veterinary Teaching Hospital. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 32(1):497-505.
Nielsen F, Mikkelsen BB, Nielsen JB, Andersen HL, Grandjean P (1997). Plasma malondialdehyde as a biomarker for oxidative stress: Reference interval and effects of lifestyle factors. Clinical Chemistry 43(7):1209-1214.
Okhawa H, Ohishi N and Yagi K (1979). Assay for lipid peroxide in animal tissue by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Analytical Biochemistry 95:351-3.
Prakash J, Gupta SK and Dinda AK (2002). Withania somnifera root extract prevents DMBA-induced squamous cell carcinoma of skin in Swiss albino mice. Nutrition and Cancer 42:91-97.
Sadek K, Ebeed Saleh E and Ayoub M (2017). Selective, reliable blood and milk bio-markers for diagnosing clinical and subclinical bovine mastitis. Tropical Animal Health and Production 49:431-437.
Schalm OW and Noorlander DO (1957). Experiments and observations leading to the development of the California mastitis test. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 130:199-204.
Schalm OW, Carrol JE and Jain NC (1971). Bovine Mastitis. 1st ed. Lea and Febiger, USA, pp 98-101.
Scholz RW, Graham KS, Gumpricht E and Reddy CC (1989). Mechanism of interaction of vitamin E and glutathione in the protection against membrane lipid peroxidation. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 570:514-17.