40-Title: Detection of foot and mouth disease virus persistency in exotic cattle and Murrah buffaloes
Authors: Biswa Ranjan Jena, Ramesh Chandra Patra, Jitendra Kumar Biswal, Ritu Gupta, Rajeev Ranjan, Prasana Kumar Rath, Geeta Rani Jena and Susen Kumar Panda
Source: Ruminant Science (2022)-11(2):459-464.
How to cite this manuscript: Jena Biswa Ranjan, Patra Ramesh Chandra, Biswal Jitendra Kumar, Gupta Ritu, Ranjan Rajeev, Rath Prasana Kumar, Jena Geeta Rani and Panda Susen Kumar (2022). Detection of foot and mouth disease virus persistency in exotic cattle and Murrah buffaloes. Ruminant Science 11(2):459-464.
Abstract
Foot and Mouth Disease carriers are defined as the animals from which the virus can be recovered from the oro-pharyngeal region at greater than 28 days post-infection, irrespective of vaccination status. Although transmission of the virus from carrier to naïve animals has not been demonstrated in experimental conditions, this virus circulation can be a source of new outbreaks, and also a constraint in getting FMD free status. Therefore, its detection is necessary to make a country FMD free. An indirect-ELISA (IgM I-ELISA) has been developed in ICAR-ICFMD-DFMD to detect FMDV specific IgM antibodies in healthy carrier animals. This assay was used in this study to detect FMD carrier status in apparently healthy Holstein Friesian cow (n=25) and murrah buffaloes (n=3), and Jersey cattle (n=5), in two dairy farms (farm A and B). Whole blood and serum samples were collected for complete blood count and serum biochemical analysis, and serological study. Oro-pharyngeal fluid (OPF) sample was collected using a probang sampling cup for detection of FMDV genome through RT-mPCR. In farm A, 12 cattle were found positive in RT-mPCR whereas 16 cattle were found positive in IgM I-ELISA, and 2 buffaloes were found positive in both the tests. In farm B, 3 cows were found positive in RT-mPCR whereas 4 cattle were found positive in IgM I-ELISA. All the animals, positive in RT-mPCR, were also found positive in IgM I-ELISA. Therefore, the developed assay can be used to rapidly screen a large population of animals for their carrier status and overcomes the limitations of viral genome detection from OPF samples.
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